CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENT

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

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What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?


Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that occurs when the median nerve — which runs from the forearm into the palm — becomes compressed at the wrist. This pressure on the nerve can cause numbness, tingling, weakness, or even muscle damage in the hand and fingers.



Causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome


Several factors can contribute to the development of CTS:





  • Repetitive hand movements (e.g., typing, assembly line work)




  • Prolonged wrist use in awkward positions




  • Medical conditions like diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, or rheumatoid arthritis




  • Pregnancy, due to fluid retention that can compress the nerve




  • Injury to the wrist, such as fractures or sprains




Common Symptoms


Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome usually develop gradually and may include:





  • Tingling or numbness in the fingers (especially the thumb, index, and middle fingers)




  • Pain that radiates up the arm




  • Weakness in the hand and difficulty gripping objects




  • A feeling of swelling in the fingers, even if no swelling is present




Diagnosis


A healthcare provider can diagnose CTS based on:





  • Physical examination




  • Medical history




  • Nerve conduction studies




  • Electromyography (EMG)




These tests help determine the severity of the nerve damage and rule out other conditions.



Treatment Options


Non-Surgical Treatments


For mild to moderate cases, doctors may recommend:





  • Wrist splints, especially at night




  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)




  • Corticosteroid injections




  • Activity modification




Surgical Treatment


If symptoms persist or worsen, carpal tunnel release surgery may be necessary. This procedure involves cutting the ligament pressing on the median nerve to relieve pressure.



Prevention Tips


While CTS isn’t always preventable, the following strategies may reduce your risk:





  • Take frequent breaks from repetitive tasks




  • Use ergonomic tools and workstations




  • Maintain a neutral wrist position




  • Perform stretching and strengthening exercises




When to See a Doctor


If you experience persistent numbness, tingling, or weakness in your hands, it’s important to seek medical advice. Early treatment can prevent permanent nerve damage.

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